Flora of North America Glossary
Displaying 376-400 of 2673
| Term | Synonyms | Category | Limitation | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| carpellate (not recommended) | = pistillate | architecture | inflorescence, flower, floret | Having functional pistils but no functional stamens, thus unisexual and female. |
| …carpelled | = …carpellate | architecture | flower, gynoecium, pistil, ovary, fruit | Deemed to have or to consist of the number of carpels indicated by the prefix; as in six-carpelled, 3-carpelled. |
| carpophore 1 | < stalk | STRUCTURE | The stalk supporting a sporocarp. | |
| carpophore 2 | = columella; < stalk | STRUCTURE | Any pedestal-like prolongation of a floral receptacle extending beyond the distalmost level of perianth insertion and bearing the gynoecium. | |
| carpophore 3 | = columella; < stalk | STRUCTURE | The stalk supporting a mericarp after dehiscence of a schizocarpic fruit, the central axis of the fruit having split longitudinally to yield two or four such stalks; composed of receptacular and (primarily) gynoecial tissues; esp. in Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). | |
| cartilage-like | = cartilaginous | texture | Firm, dense, tough, somewhat pliable, and resilient, like human cartilage. | |
| cartilaginous | = cartilage-like | texture | Firm, dense, tough, somewhat pliable, and resilient, like human cartilage. | |
| caruncle | = strophiole | STRUCTURE | An outgrowth from the seed coat (testa) around or near the hilum and micropyle, or from the raphe. | |
| caryophyllaceous | = diacytic | architecture | stomate | Having two subsidiary cells that together surround it, their common wall oriented perpendicular to its long axis. |
| caryopsis pl. caryopsides | = grain (not recommended); < achene | nominative | fruit | The achene of a grass [Poaceae (Gramineae)]. Although in traditional use caryopsis (or grain) has been treated as a type separate from achene, they do not differ in basic morphology. |
| casing | STRUCTURE | The portion (if any) of a floral tube that is adnate to the gynoecium. See also collar, neck. | ||
| catadromous | venation | Having the first lateral vein in each pinna or primary segment of the frond arise from its midvein on the side toward the base of the frond, the pinnule or secondary segment that it leads to often disproportionately larger than the next distal ones. | ||
| catkin | = ament | nominative | inflorescence | Elongate, more or less flexible and spike-like, often unisexual, the central axis bearing numerous diminutive flowers inserted either singly or in cymules, the pedicels or secondary axes subtended by small, paleaceous bracts or scales, the whole often deciduous as a unit. |
| catkinate | = amentate | architecture | inflorescence | Comprising one or more catkins. |
| caudate 1 | = tailed | apex | laminar structure | Terminating in a relatively long, flexible, narrowly acuminate tip composed of laminar tissue. |
| caudate 2 | = tailed | base | With one or more relatively slender, retrorse basal enations or appendages. | |
| caudex pl. caudices | STRUCTURE | The short, persistent, thickened, more or less erect, main stem of a perennial plant that otherwise has annual stems. | ||
| caudicle | = translator arm | STRUCTURE | An attenuate end portion by which a pollinium adheres to a pollinating insect, either directly or by means of a terminal viscidium, the latter, when present, sometimes attached by an intervening stipe; esp. in Asclepiadaceae, Orchidaceae. | |
| caulescent | = stemmed | architecture | plant | Having at maturity an evident, elongate, aboveground stem or stems from which branches, leaves, and/or reproductive axes arise at one or more levels along its length. |
| cauline | insertion | Upon, arising from, or otherwise directly associated with the stem. | ||
| cauline | position | Upon, arising from, or otherwise directly associated with the stem. | ||
| cell 1 | STRUCTURE | Any of the basic structural/functional units that collectively or individually make up the various tissues of a plant; comprising, at least while physiologically active, a nucleus with included genetic material (chromosomes), a surrounding cytoplasm with included organelles (e.g., ribosomes, mitochondria, plastids), an enclosing membrane, and an exterior cellulosic wall. | ||
| cell 2 (not recommended) | = chamber (not recommended), locule | FEATURE | Any structurally distinct compartment within an anther, ovary, fruit, sporangium or other organ; not necessarily having any evolutionary integrity. | |
| …celled | = …cellular | architecture | Having the number of cells indicated by the prefix; as in one-celled, few-celled, 5-celled. | |
| …cellular | = …celled | architecture | Having the number of cells indicated by the prefix; as in bicellular, multicellular, oligocellular. |
Displaying 376-400 of 2673