Hunt Institute logo

Flora of North America Glossary

Advanced Search
Displaying 976-1000 of 2673
Term Synonyms Category Limitation Definition
fungiform = mushroom-shaped solid shape Having a cylindric base and a considerably broader, pulvinate distal portion; like the generalized form of a mushroom.
funicle = funiculus; < stalk STRUCTURE A stalk that attaches an ovule to a placenta of the ovary wall.
funicular derivation aril Produced from or a modification of the funiculus (funicle).
funiculate < stalked architecture ovule Having a funiculus (funicle), by which it is attached to a placenta of the ovary wall.
funiculus pl. funiculi = funicle; < stalk STRUCTURE A stalk that attaches an ovule to a placenta of the ovary wall.
funnelform = funnel-shaped, infundibular solid shape perianth, calyx, corolla Having a narrowly obconic tube and a spreading limb, the transition between them smooth.
funnel-shaped = funnelform, infundibular solid shape perianth, calyx, corolla Having a narrowly obconic tube and a spreading limb, the transition between them smooth.
furcate = forked; > bifurcate apex Having two or more terminal, antrorse branches or divisions arising from a common point or level, like the prongs of a fork.
furcate = forked; > bifurcate plane shape Having two or more terminal, antrorse branches or divisions arising from a common point or level, like the prongs of a fork.
furcate = forked; > bifurcate solid shape Having two or more terminal, antrorse branches or divisions arising from a common point or level, like the prongs of a fork.
furrow = colpus, fossula, groove, sulcus, vallecula FEATURE An elongate depression that is relatively shallow and narrow.
…furrowed = …colpate, …fossulate, …grooved, …sulcate, …valleculate architecture Having the number of furrows indicated by the prefix; as in five-furrowed, 3-furrowed.
furrowed = colpate, fossulate, grooved, sulcate, valleculate architecture Having one or more elongate, relatively narrow and shallow depressions (furrows).
fusiform = spindle-shaped solid shape Elongate, transversely round, broadest at the middle and regularly attenuate to either end.
fusion CHARACTER Physical connection of equivalent or dissimilar structural entities (as recognized on evolutionary, morphological, anatomical, ontogenetic, and/or topological grounds). Terms that denote the interconnection of equivalent structures are predicated on a single collective subject and suffice in themselves to describe the condition; e.g., "sepals connate." However, those that denote the connection of dissimilar structures require explicit notation of each type of structure involved, in either a compound-subject construction or else a single-subject/object-of-preposition construction; e.g., "stamens and corolla adnate" or "stamens adnate to corolla." Qualifying detail is sometimes appropriate; e.g., "filaments connate basally," "filaments adnate to the petals over their lower halves."
galea pl. galeae, galeas STRUCTURE A galeate (galeiform, helmet-shaped) sepal or petal in a zygomorphic calyx or corolla, differing markedly in shape from and sometimes partially enclosing the other sepals or petals.
galeate = galeiform, helmet-shaped solid shape Convex overall with a more or less smoothly curved apex, relatively thin-walled and essentially hollow with the interior open to one side below the distal portion; resembling a helmet. See also cucullate (cuculliform, hood-shaped), which overlaps conceptually.
galeiform = galeate, helmet-shaped solid shape Convex overall with a more or less smoothly curved apex, relatively thin-walled and essentially hollow with the interior open to one side below the distal portion; resembling a helmet. See also cuculliform (cucullate, hood-shaped), which overlaps conceptually.
gametophyte PLANT The main, ultimate, gamete-bearing stage in the haploid (n chromosomes) phase of a taxon's life cycle. Two morphologically and genetically distinct and alternate stages together constitute the complete life cycle in sexually reproducing taxa, the other phase (sporophytic) being diploid (2n chromosomes). Any taxon whose life cycle is confined to one or the other phase is limited to asexual means of reproduction, since sexual reproduction and consequent genetic recombination are impossible without alternation between haploid and diploid states via meiosis and fertilization. The term gametophytic applies to any part of the haploid phase, including all unicellular to multicellular entities belonging to it, whereas gametophyte is reserved for the principal and directly gamete-producing stage of that phase. In all vascular plant taxa the sporophyte is the dominant and most conspicuous phase of the life cycle. The gametophytes of "lower" vascular plants (ferns and "fern-allies") are physically independent of the sporophytes and, though inconspicuous, merit description in their own rights. Those of gymnosperms and angiosperms are minute and physically dependent upon (contained within) sporophytic structures and are not usually included in morphological descriptions. In the flowering plants at least, the haploid phase is (presumably evolutionarily) reduced to such a degree that the existence of gametophytes per se is debatable.
gamopetalous = sympetalous architecture flower, perianth, corolla Having two or more petals that are partially or wholly connate.
gamophyllous architecture plant, shoot axis, involucre Having pairs or whorls of leaves or bracts that are connate at their edges.
gamosepalous = synsepalous architecture flower, perianth, calyx Having two or more sepals that are partially or wholly connate.
gamotepalous = syntepalous architecture flower, perianth Having two or more tepals that are partially or wholly connate.
gaping = personate, ringent architecture corolla Bilabiate with the upper lip inwardly arcuate, the lower lip prominent and appressed to the upper at the level of the throat or junction of tube and limb, which is thus normally occluded but which gapes, resembling an open mouth, when the whole is compressed laterally.
geitonogamous < autogamous, automictic, idiogamous, self-fertilizing, selfing reproduction taxon Having fertilization regularly involving gametes derived from different flowers on the same plant.
Displaying 976-1000 of 2673