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Flora of North America Glossary

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Term Synonyms Category Limitation Definition
squamella 3 pl. squamellae = lodicule, squamule STRUCTURE One of two or three small, scale-like structures inserted at the base of the androecium, distal to the palea, in most grass (Poaceae) flowers; often regarded as a vestigial branch or perianth member.
squamellose < scaly pubescence Finely squamose (lepidote).
squamiform = scale-like solid shape Isodiametric to elongate in broad outline, relatively very thin, and planate to moderately concave-convex.
squamose = lepidote, squamate; < scaly pubescence Bearing squamae (lepides). See also squamellose.
squamule 1 = squamella; < scale STRUCTURE A diminutive squama (lepis).
squamule 2 = squamella; < scale STRUCTURE A small, dry bract borne on the compound receptacle (torus) of a capitulum (head); in Asteraceae (Compositae).
squamule 3 = lodicule, squamella STRUCTURE One of two or three small, scale-like structures inserted at the base of the androecium, distal to the palea, in most grass (Poaceae) flowers; often regarded as a vestigial branch or perianth member.
square plane shape Equilaterally rectangular.
squarrose orientation lateral structure Having the proximal portion appressed and the distal portion deflexed, the latter more or less perpendicular to the surface of the bearing structure.
S-shaped 1 = sigmoid course Curved more or less regularly first in one direction and then in the opposite direction, like the letter S.
S-shaped 2 = sigmoid solid shape Elongate with more or less constant width or diameter and curved more or less regularly first in one direction and then in the opposite direction, like the letter S.
stalk > androgynophore, carpophore, columella, funicle, funiculus, gynophore, hypogynium, pedicel, peduncle, petiole, petiolule, sporangiophore, stipe (Orchidaceae), stipe (broad sense, not recommended); >< androphore STRUCTURE A supporting axis or column that bears a structure at its apex; may be ontogenetically distinct from the structure that it bears, or may be the basal portion of an ontogenetic entity that includes both the stalk and the structure that it bears; usually narrower than the structure that it bears.
stalked 1 = pedicellate architecture flower Having a pedicel.
stalked 2 = pedunculate architecture inflorescence Having a peduncle.
stalked 3 = petiolate architecture leaf Having a petiole.
stalked 4 = petiolulate architecture leaflet Having a petiolule.
stalked 5 = funiculate architecture ovule Having a funiculus (funicle), by which it is attached to the ovary wall.
stalked 6 = stipitate architecture structure Having a stipe.
stalkless = exstipitate, sessile, unstalked architecture Lacking a stalk, thus inserted ("sitting") directly upon the bearing structure.
stamen STRUCTURE A seed-plant organ that produces and releases pollen; usually comprising a stalk (filament) that bears a locular structure (anther) containing sporogenous tissue; however, the filament may be lacking and the anther sessile, or the stamen may be undifferentiated, the whole then consisting of microsporangia embedded in or borne upon the surface of a more or less planate body of sterile tissue; one of the constituent organs of a bisexual or a staminate flower; may be distinct or else connate with one or more others and/or may be free or else adnate with one or more other floral structures.
…stamened = …androus architecture flower, floret, androecium Having the number of stamens indicated by the prefix; as in twelve-stamened.
staminal insertion Upon or otherwise directly associated with the stamens.
staminal position Upon or otherwise directly associated with the stamens.
staminate architecture inflorescence, flower, floret Having functional stamens but no functional pistils, thus unisexual and male.
staminode = staminodium STRUCTURE Any sterile structure deemed to represent a modified stamen, homology being inferred on the basis of structural similarity, ontogeny, and/or position; sometimes petaloid, sometimes nectariferous, sometimes connate with others or adnate to other floral structures.
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