Flora of North America Glossary

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Term Synonyms Category Limitation Definition
…crenate = …-scalloped margin Having the number of orders of crenae (scallops) indicated by the prefix, one upon another; as in bicrenate, twice-crenate. See also …dentate (…-toothed), …serrate (…-sawtoothed).
crenate = scalloped margin Having regularly alternating, rounded convexities and concavities oriented more or less perpendicular to the generalized perimeter. See also crenulate (small-scalloped), dentate, denticulate (small-toothed), serrate (sawtoothed), serrulate (small-sawtoothed).
crenulate = small-scalloped margin Finely crenate (scalloped). See also dentate (toothed), denticulate (small-toothed), serrate (sawtoothed), serrulate (small-sawtoothed).
crenule = scalloplet FEATURE A diminutive crena (scallop). See also dens (tooth), sawtooth, sawtoothlet, toothlet.
crescent-shaped = lunate plane shape Arcuate, broadest at the middle, and attenuate to acute ends; like the stylized outline of a first-quarter moon.
crest = crista STRUCTURE A laterally elongate, relatively thin, irregular or notched, apical protrusion.
crested = cristate apex Having a laterally elongate, relatively thin, irregular or notched protrusion.
crispate = crisped, curly margin Having closely and irregularly spaced, irregularly shaped, often compound convexities that curve irregularly through three dimensions.
crisped = crispate, curly margin Having closely and irregularly spaced, irregularly shaped, often compound convexities that curve irregularly through three dimensions.
crista pl. cristae = crest STRUCTURE A laterally elongate, relatively thin, irregular or notched, apical protrusion.
cristate = crested apex Having a laterally elongate, relatively thin, irregular or notched protrusion.
cross-fertilizing = allogamous, allomictic, exogamous, xenogamous reproduction taxon Having fertilization regularly involving gametes derived from different plants.
cross-shaped 1 = cruciate architecture corolla, perianth Having four petals or tepals disposed in pairs of opposite members, the whole resembling a cross when viewed from above.
cross-shaped 2 = cruciate solid shape Having two elongate, basically straight portions intersecting at a point interior to the ends of each.
cross-vein STRUCTURE A relatively short, secondary or higher-order vein that runs directly between two veins of the next lower order, intersecting them more or less perpendicularly.
crowded = compact, congested architecture Having equivalent constituent parts disposed very near to one another.
crown-shaped = coroniform solid shape Shortly and broadly tubular overall, circumferentially continuous at the base, distally so or not; like a monarch's crown.
crozier = fiddlehead STRUCTURE A circinate leaf (frond) prior to full expansion, while still wholly or distally coiled; esp. in Polypodiophyta.
cruciate 1 = cross-shaped architecture corolla, perianth Having four petals or tepals disposed in pairs of opposite members, the whole resembling a cross when viewed from above.
cruciate 2 = cross-shaped solid shape Having two elongate, basically straight portions intersecting at a point interior to the ends of each.
cruciferous = anisocytic architecture stomate Having three subsidiary cells, one distinctly smaller than the others.
crumbling = fatiscent; > farinaceous, mealy texture Easily disintegrating in relatively small pieces, either spontaneously or under pressure.
crumpled = corrugate aestivation Having members tightly and irregularly folded, the whole appearing as though wadded upon emergence.
crustaceous = crusty texture Thin, dry, hard, and brittle.
crusty = crustaceous texture Thin, dry, hard, and brittle.
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