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Flora of North America Glossary

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Term Synonyms Category Limitation Definition
berry-like = baccate architecture fruit Having the structure and texture of a berry.
bi… 1 = di…, two-… prefix Indicating presence of or constitution by two entities of the type denoted by the term's stem; as in bicarpellate, biciliate, bifid, bilocular. See also entries for particular terms beginning with this prefix whose meanings, at least in some applications, are more specific than usually indicated by such combination.
bi… 2 = double-…, twice-… prefix Indicating presence of two hierarchical orders of the type of entity or pattern denoted by the term's stem; as in bicrenate, bipinnate. See also entries for particular terms beginning with this prefix whose meanings, at least in some applications, are more specific than usually indicated by such combination.
bicolor(ous) < discolor(ous) coloration Having two surfaces of different colors; esp. leaves with differently colored adaxial and abaxial surfaces.
biconvex 1 = lens-shaped, lenticular plane shape Elongate, narrow, broadest at the middle, attenuate to acute ends, the sides convex; like the outline of a double-convex lens viewed from its edge.
biconvex 2 = lens-shaped, lenticular solid shape Relatively thin with two round, convex, opposite broad faces intersecting acutely at the circumferential edge; like a double-convex lens. See also disciform (discoid), meniscoid.
biennial 1 duration plant, stem Normally living two years; germinating or forming and growing vegetatively during one cycle of seasons, then reproducing sexually and dying during the following one.
biennial 2 nominative plant Of biennial duration.
bifacial architecture Having two opposite broad surfaces that differ distinctly in appearance.
bifurcate < forked, furcate apex Having two terminal, antrorse branches or divisions arising from a common point or level, like the prongs of a fork.
bifurcate < forked, furcate plane shape Having two terminal, antrorse branches or divisions arising from a common point or level, like the prongs of a fork.
bifurcate < forked, furcate solid shape Having two terminal, antrorse branches or divisions arising from a common point or level, like the prongs of a fork.
bigeminate architecture foliaceous structure Compound with two orders of leaflets, each order bifoliolate.
bilabiate = two-lipped; < labiate, lipped architecture perianth, calyx, corolla Strongly zygomorphic with connate and/or coherent members whose distal portions form two unequal, opposing, lip-like structures, one adaxial, one abaxial. See also gaping (personate, ringent).
birettaform solid shape Approximately square in cross section and shallowly convex at the top; like a biretta (Roman Catholic cleric's hat).
bisexual = hermaphroditic reproduction Having functional reproductive structures of both sexes. See also perfect.
bladder = ampulla STRUCTURE A small, membranous, hollow, flask-shaped, insectivorous structure borne on a submerged leaf; esp. in Lentibulariaceae.
blade = lamina STRUCTURE The expanded, more or less planate, distal portion, when present, of a leaf, leaflet or bract.
blister = bulla, pustule FEATURE A relatively coarse, rounded protrusion or convexity. See also papilla.
blistered = bullate, puckered, pustulate relief Having relatively coarse, irregularly disposed, rounded protrusions or convexities resembling blisters. See also papillate (papillose).
blotch = macula, spot FEATURE An area that differs in color from the rest of a structure's surface. See also eyespot.
blotched = maculate, spotted coloration Having one or more areas that differ in color from the rest of the surface. See also eyespotted.
blunt 1 = obtuse apex Bluntly angular; having an angular tip whose generalized sides intersect at an angle of 90° or more.
blunt 2 = obtuse base Bluntly angular; having an angular proximal portion whose generalized sides intersect at an angle of 90° or more.
boat-shaped = cymbiform, navicular solid shape Like the generalized form of a boat hull, the walls relatively thin to moderately thick, the interior essentially empty and open along one side.
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